I’d like in this post to explain why I believe that, as Programme/Project directors or Projects Portfolio Managers (I’ll use the PMs abbreviation in the rest of the article), we are ideally skilled to become transformation leaders in our companies and organizations.
PMs are used to run projects to launch new products, services and systems, and create unique customer deliverables. Most of these introduce changes in processes, organizations and people behaviors. We know from experience how to structure a complex programme or a portfolio of projects, collect individual project data, analyze it, organize it, clarify and confirm deliverables, timelines and ownership. We’re also able to validate and take commitments for an entire programme or project. We often have to build and effectively communicate simple and powerful messages to management, customers and team members. So, I propose that we make a step forward and evolve from change agents on a specific project to transformation leaders for an entire portfolio of transformation initiatives at organization or company level.
Introduction
You’ve most probably already been engaged in transformation and continuous improvement programmes in your professional or personal life. I have experienced many of these and I’ll mention some as we go along in order to put the talk into perspective.
- Kaizen is a Japanese word referring to a philosophy focusing on continuous improvement. When applied to the workplace, kaizen typically refers to activities that continually improve all functions of a business.
Continuous Improvement Process (CIP, or CI) is a management process whereby company processes are constantly evaluated and improved in the light of their efficiency, effectiveness and flexibility.- Reengineering or Business process reengineering (BPR) is an approach aiming at improvements by increased efficiency and effectiveness of end to end business processes by a full review and rethink of these from A to Z.
- Rebranding and more specifically Corporate Rebranding is the process by which a company is marketed or distributed with a different identity. This may involve radical changes to the logo, name, image, marketing and advertising. It often includes real desire of cultural changes of the company being rebranded.
Current pitfalls and issues experienced
- Kaizen and Continuous improvement approaches: I have always liked these incremental approaches where people doing the job constantly try improve the way things are done.
The very name of this blog, DantotsuPM, is about constantly thriving to improve our PM skills. One of the main issues with incremental and continuous improvements is that the better you conduct them, the less visible they are. I mean that when you manage these changes really well: you will have prepared the organization, gradually introduced changes and followed up to ensure they are functioning properly… Your greatest testimony of success is when people think of these changes as natural evolutions rather than revolutions. But how can we get proper management attention and funding for something that seems so natural that it has become « almost » invisible?
- Reengineering: In the 1990s, many authors wrote on this topic. The most famous I can recall (as they were often quoted in the company I worked for at the time) were Michael Hammer and James A. Champy with their famous book « Reengineering the Corporation ». It did cost our company a leg and an arm to try to follow their precepts and reengineer from A to Z our Order to Cash chain of processes and systems with mixed results. On one side, it certainly helped to bring all IT and Business/Process experts together and force the revisiting of all processes in this chain. These processes had been created years ago and a refresh was more than welcome.
However, if you calculate the cost per order (say over 5 to 7 years of lifetime of the reengineered solution) of all investments and expenses, you will find that it added a very significant amount to each and every order (over one hundred Euros in some business cases I reviewed). Therefore, one could say that it reduced our price competitiveness (or decreased our margins) on each order for several years. Of course, this is to be tempered by the cost of doing nothing (if the company had not engaged on this massive reengineering programme). And, the success rate of such initiatives remains quite low. So, what is the true Return of Investment of such and undertaking?

- Rebranding: This is also one area I had a chance to actively contribute to. It was a wonderful, motivating and challenging experience. We managed to merge multiple brands in our companies portfolio into a single one. It increased its power and its impact. It clarified the messages and also reduced overall marketing and advertising costs. So, it certainly brought most of the rewards the company was expecting. The one place where I think we could have done better is on the culture behind the brand, especially its meaning and values for the employees and management of the company. We had a great start with 8 core values well articulated that we spent time to explain and discuss with all. However, past the Rebranding initial big push, we did not hammer these values to really make them become part of our DNA. I trust that a few years later, most managers and employees would be challenged to list these 8 core values from memory. An important aspect of transformation programmes is that they take long to bed in.
Some of the key pitfalls I have witnesses with the above examples and others are:
Nebulous Objectives and Goals: Some Business Process Reengineering initiatives were driven as IT programmes often called Order to Bill, Customer Relationship Management, or Enterprise Resource Planning. The focus was more on the tools than the business processes transformation required. The risk in this situation is that what we are really trying to achieve from a business stand point gets lost in techie world.
- Never ending or unclear timelines and deliverables: humongous programmes, multi years, millions of investments, thousands of man days… While starting from a good idea, the definition of the scope and management of changes often derail. Small is most often beautiful in project management. One clearly defined step at a time is better than engaging in a long trip towards an unclear destination and without clearly defined stops/stages.
- A multitude of small initiatives that are loosely coupled at best, unrelated in most instances. We may have a lot of excellent changes to execute but cannot articulate them into something really meaningful for the company. We run the risk of rapidly loosing focus, support and momentum. Additionally, there is a lack of overall leadership for these to ensure proper attention and progress.
- Loss of focus/business drive and support: The span of attention of key executives is often only minutes as they have to juggle so many things in parallel. If change/transformation programmes do not capture enough of their attention in a short time-frame they will not get their full support. And for any transformation, executive support is critical. The same applies to employees at all levels. If we cannot keep them engaged in our transformation initiatives, we will not be successful.
I will focus in this post on the continuous improvements type of changes and transformations. The Reengineering and Rebranding transformations should already be run as projects or programmes and if you hear about such an undertaking in your company then volunteer to lead or be part of it. It will always be a great learning opportunity.
What can PMs do about continuous improvement?
We can apply our skills and experience to transformation ideas, change/transformation projects and programmes.
- Bring structure: After all, it is a key characteristic of PMs to be organized, structured, paying attention to details… We can apply these very skills with great success to transformation initiatives. We will collect the base data about all on going transformations and change ideas for a given domain, organization or division. At the initiative or idea level, we will structure it like we do for projects. We will identify information gaps and then fill these gaps. We will position/categorize all initiatives into consistent buckets; propose criteria for prioritization of the overall portfolio of ideas together with a simple overall process to manage the portfolio. For example, define what stages an idea would go through before it eventually becomes a project and delivers benefits to the company. These stages could be: unqualified idea, real opportunity, launched initiative/project, draft deliverables, final deliverables. Doesn’t this sound familiar to the ears of PMs?
- Clarify: From experience, I can tell that you will find many transformation/change initiatives and ideas where the ownership is not well defined nor accepted, where people are fuzzy about what the
deliverables will be and even fuzzier about when they will be ready. So, very much as we do it for any project, we will spend time ensuring that each initiative in the portfolio of potential transformations is clearly defined, ownership accepted, deliverables understood and target dates agreed by the people who will work on them. Each change idea will be treated as a small project with clear deliverables, ownership and target timing. Also, metrics to measure the impact of the change shall be defined and current performance data gathered. A spreadsheet with the following columns will get you started: Identifier, Category, Priority, Name, Owner, Status, Expected Deliverables, Next Steps, and Target Dates for draft and final deliverables and for the other stages you may have defined to progress the initiative.
Simplify: Because many ideas appear to be brilliant, justified, attractive… You will inevitably have too many candidate proposals for the resources available to work on them. Additionally, if all were run in parallel, they could generate far more changes than the organization can absorb at once. So, you will attempt to give sense to the portfolio through prioritization and alignment on overall company and organizational objectives. The first pass should really aim at pruning the portfolio of ideas, keeping only juiciest ones. The second pass will look at staging these over time depending on urgency, resources the company can afford to dedicate to these and availability of the best resources. In fact, the last point is often a key driver: There are only so many resources able to lead some of the difficult change initiatives your company may want to undertake. Another area to simplify is the process for getting new ideas into the pipeline and reviewing them in a structured manner. This shall aim at facilitating new suggestions introduction and review.
Push, action, move, create a momentum: You will need to ensure that all initiatives are progressing per the agreed timelines; that their owners remain committed; that more people want to join and have their change or transformation ideas added to the portfolio. These are things you are used to do as PMs for your programmes and projects.
- Communicate with clarity. If a PM’s job is often said to be 80% about communications, when you lead a transformation project or portfolio of change initiatives, then, most of your time will be spent on communications. A key difficulty is that you may have over a few dozens items running in parallel and all could be addressing different aspects of the business. Yet, your message shall remain simple and targeted for your audience. As indicated earlier, the categorization of
the ideas to structure the portfolio will help. The alignment of your portfolio on corporate or organization strategy will also greatly facilitate communications. For example, if the big themes of your company are Customer Satisfaction, Profitability, and People development; you may want to organize your portfolio of changes around these 3 main themes. It will facilitate communications and appropriation as people will easily relate the changes to a model they are familiar with. Communication shall also highlight the benefits already achieved through completed changes and provide a taste for the ones to come.
- Take the lead personally on some of these initiatives to work on the
contents and also to experience the processes you’re deploying. This recommendation was given to me by my boss and I think he hits a very interesting point. It is about eating what you bake, i.e. being users of the approach we’re putting in place. It is also about bringing your personal value add to selected key change/transformation initiatives and being very instrumental in the success of these. You will also want to keep the momentum and give a good pace to the portfolio. Suggestion: Set up a portfolio board that meets regularly and includes all key players. It will encourage contributors to progress their initiatives as agreed, it will provide a forum to review and improve their deliverables, and it will provide visibility and momentum to keep things moving.
Act: take the lead! And benefit from doing so.
Current tough business conditions favor a desire throughout the enterprise to support or at least understand the need for changes. I would be most surprised if no major changes were happening at this very moment in your own environment and organizations. I sincerely hope that this post will have given you the will to consider such changes with a new eye and with the view of a Programme/Project director or Project Portfolio Manager.
You have the skills to become a leader of transformation in your business or organization. Go for it! Propose a new and structured approach to manage transformation and change initiatives and you run great chances to be listened to.
Additionally, I’m convinced that it is a win-win. Along the journey, you will personally acquire and/or reinforce critical and valued skills. You will then exploit these in many other situations: leadership, change management, prioritization, business alignment, big picture view, communications, networking…
If you work in any industry or administration that uses IT to support its business (i.e. any of them) and your IT department hasn’t yet spoken to you about Agile development methodologies, you should certainly question why?
I suggest in this note looking closely at the ways each of us could improve the effectiveness of the trainings in which we get the chance to participate. This is only a personal return of experience and I encourage you to enrich it with your comments.
Other important criterion: pre-requisites. Do I have the experience and the necessary knowledge so that this learning can be beneficial? If I attend an advanced class of preparation for the PMP® certification without the required experience (3 years minimum as a PM) and without having done the preliminary classes, there is a strong risk that it’ll be of little value.
Considering my workload, is the timing convenient to undertake this training course? I had the chance to follow several intense education programs (several months long): IT consulting university, preparation for the PMP® certification, Intrapreneurship University. All three were very dense and demanding with long periods out of the office and far away from home. With on top of it, personal work I had to provide between the classes of the programme, and requiring availability and concentration. If I engage in a long cursus: will my family bear with me?
Let’s not waste time pointlessly seeking classes which would not be approved (unless you have decided to pay from your own pocket or to use your DIF for the French people). Of course, my ability to convince can be essential as well as my positioning of the training in a logical manner with regard to my job and ambitions. But, the budgets are not extensible and some classes very expensive in cost and at time: so, do not jump this step. Will my boss be ready to help me to put into practice what I will learn: new tasks, responsibilities or projects, with coaching (by him or others), by giving me some time to prepare for the certification …
Diverse vectors of research are to be used: the human resources department of the company, colleagues, manager, the Internet and especially professional forums and blogs, the training companies and bodies… For larger studies, it is also interesting to take into account: the reputation of the provider and of its education programme, the trainer (a lot of information on internet if you succeed in obtaining a name). For example, some trainers for the PMP® Exam preparation have a success rate of their students that is close to 100 %. Select these!
I cut the telephone, emails, and I took my precautions to avoid any non-absolutely critical interrupt. The periods of training are rare enough that we take advantage of these well by dedicating ourselves 100 %. I thus made sure that all those who could need to join me as a matter of urgency know who to contact in my place or at what time I shall be contactable. Personally, I try to set time slots to read urgent emails, check the answering machine and SMS in an asynchronous mode (i.e. when it is the best moment for me) and I stick to these.
It is necessary to create for ourselves opportunities to practice what we recently acquired. Otherwise we’ll very rapidly forget it. If the initial preparation stage prior to the course was well followed, I have defined my motivations for this training and convinced my boss to invest in me. It is necessary upon my return to review this list of motivations and to turn it into a list of concrete objectives to implement in order to really master the new skill. For example, if I attended a class on risk management, I will commit upon return to revise within a couple of weeks the risk analysis of my main project (in the lights of the new methodology) and to produce corresponding deliverables: risks register, risk evaluation, priorities, risk management plan, method for periodic control … If it was a course on the presentation skills, I try to create an opportunity in the month to come to deliver a presentation to a wide audience…
I met new persons (including the trainer). Some of them very interesting and with whom I have discovered affinities. I’ll keep in touch. I’ll send them a message after the class, suggest remaining connected via a professional network (Linkedin, Viadeo or others), send them regularly some news about me and interesting articles on the subject we studied together, if possible I’ll organizing meetings to keep the link alive…
Quelles sont mes motivations pour cette formation? Me sera-t-elle réellement utile dans un futur relativement proche? Personnellement, j’évite toute formation spécialisée dont je ne pense pas pouvoir utiliser les enseignements dans les 3 mois. Cette réflexion permet également de préparer l’ « Après formation ».
Le moment est-il propice compte tenu de ma charge de travail pour suivre cette formation? J’ai eu la chance de participer à plusieurs programmes musclés de formation sur plusieurs mois : école de consulting informatique, préparation au PMP®, Intrapreneurship University. Les trois furent très intenses et exigeants avec des périodes de plusieurs semaines hors du bureau et loin de la maison. Avec en sus, du travail personnel et d’équipe à réaliser entre les étapes de la formation et exigeant une disponibilité d’esprit et de concentration. Une question à se poser pour une formation longue: Ma famille me supportera-t-elle?
Bien sûr, mon habileté à convaincre peut être primordiale ainsi que ma capacité à bien positionner la formation de manière logique par rapport à mon job et mes ambitions. Mais, les budgets n’étant pas extensibles et certaines formations très chères en argent et en temps.
Divers vecteurs de recherche sont à exploiter: le département ressources humaines de l’entreprise, les collègues, le manager, le web avec en particulier les forums et blogs professionnels, les organismes de formation… Il est également intéressant de prendre en compte pour des formations supérieures ou plus longues : la réputation de l’organisme et du cursus de formation, le formateur (beaucoup d’infos sur internet si vous parvenez à obtenir son nom). Par exemples, certains formateurs à l’examen PMP® atteignent des taux de réussite de leurs élèves qui frisent les 100%. Autant choisir ceux-là!
Je coupe le téléphone, les emails, et je prends mes précautions pour éviter toute interruption non réellement critique. Les périodes de formation sont suffisamment rares pour bien en profiter en s’y consacrant à 100%. Je m’assure donc que tous ceux qui peuvent avoir besoin de me joindre en urgence sachent qui joindre à ma place ou à quelle heure je serai joignable. Je me définis des créneaux pour vérifier de manière asynchrone (quand c’est le bon moment pour moi) les emails, répondeurs téléphoniques, SMS… et je n’en déroge pas.
Il faut se créer les opportunités de pratiquer ce que nous avons récemment acquis sous peine de l’oublier très rapidement. Si l’étape de préparation a bien été suivie, j’ai défini mes motivations pour cette formation et convaincu mon chef d’investir sur moi. Il est nécessaire au retour de formation de reprendre cette liste de motivations et d’en faire une liste d’objectifs concrets à mettre en œuvre pour réellement maîtriser cette nouvelle compétence. Par exemple, si j’ai assisté à un cours sur le management des risques, je m’engage au retour à revoir sous quinzaine l’étude des risques de mon projet principal aux lumières de la nouvelle méthodologie et de produire les livrables correspondants: registre des risques, évaluation, priorités, plan de management, méthode de suivi périodique… Si c’était un cours sur les techniques de présentation, j’essaierai de me créer une opportunité de présenter à une large audience dans le mois qui suit…
J’ai rencontré de nouvelles personnes (dont le formateur). Certaines très intéressantes et avec lesquelles j’ai des affinités. Je garde le contact. J’envoie un message après le cours à ces personnes, suggérant de rester connectés sur un réseau professionnel (Linkedin, Viadeo ou autres), j’envoie régulièrement de mes nouvelles et des articles intéressants sur le sujet étudié ensemble, si possible j’organise des rencontres pour garder le lien…
I have been privileged, thanks to my activities within the professional association PMI® during 15+ years and my professional activities since 30 years, to meet many project managers in France and abroad.
How could we communicate clearly if we do not have a very clear vision of the project? It is critical to grasp and integrate all the objectives of the project: financial, professional, technical, human, process, strategic, tactical … An exercise that is both complex and necessary. As long as we do not understand in the details the objectives of the project, we cannot synthesize and explain them in a simple and understandable way.
For the technicians, the fact that we were migrating towards a leading software package in the industry (Oracle eBusiness suite not to mention it),
We often walk a tightrope between the satisfaction of the desires of our customers and our understanding (and that of our teams) of what is feasible or not. The compromises are numerous during a big project to find the fine balance between desire and reality.
Also, it will be necessary to pay very high attention to details while keeping a little distance to maintain a global view of the project and its final objectives. Not always easy to raise our eyes towards the horizon when the daily tasks monopolize us.![Image courtesy of stockimages] / FreeDigitalPhotos.net](https://dantotsupm.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/well-informed-and-consulted.jpg?w=200&h=133)
We can be in a situation where we have to decide before midnight if we backtrack in the installation of the new version of the software (that is taking longer than planned) or continue (at the risk of no-return solution in due time). We can have a limited window of opportunity. For example, have to launch the project operational on January 1st or postpone it by several months or even cancel it altogether if we are not ready on time.
It is almost impossible to create a reliable climate without demonstrating every day your confidence in the team, in its members and in our capacity to make together the project a success. It is often easier as a first reaction not to trust. We may wish to take back a task previously allocated to someone because his first deliverables are not matching what we expected in terms of contents, quality or duration. We can be tempted to request heavy and\or too frequent reporting. We can even simply stretch out excessively the duration of certain tasks for a given person due to a lack of confidence in his capabilities … However, the slightest error is fatal. The lack of trust will be perceived by the interested party and by his team-mates. It takes a lot of time to gain trust and only seconds to lose it.
This one is all the more difficult when the project manager is himself an expert of the domain and capable of executing perfectly the task he delegates. It also may happen that a task appears so important to us that we think we cannot possibly delegate it. The leader will start by surrounding himself with good skills, better than his own as much as possible. He will attempt to develop the resources which are entrusted to him through giving them difficult, critical, complex assignments and by providing them the necessary support to succeed. I have been favored to work with some great leaders and it always was a pleasure to learn and to grow next to them. All had very different styles but in common this capacity to trust you. A trust you do not want to disappoint.
For example, during my first professional visit to Japan, I have very stupidly (but I learned it only later) tried to conduct with my Japanese colleagues the same session of brainstorming as realized with a lot of success in Europe and in North America. Complete disaster! After a course upon my return about the Japanese culture, I was able to appreciate not only my error but also the very uncomfortable situation in which I had involuntarily placed my colleagues (my apologies again, Hiroshi-San). I had happily asked at a common session and without preparation to persons of very different hierarchical levels to exchange openly on their ideas. I went against their very mode of operation as teams where they try to understand/test in small touches the positions of each other before softly pushing ideas. Nothing is innate in this domain of intercultural work and nothing is ever acquired. It is necessary to constantly keep it in mind.
I had on the last point, « to lead by example », animated discussions with some project managers. I shall let you be your own judges. Personally, I sincerely think that the leader project manager has to lead by example.
…with his team and customers, particularly in the case of geographically distributed teams. The « open door » attitude and the management by « wandering around » are particularly effective. Cooperative tools can reproduce at distance a certain level openness and even create proximity: instant messaging, Twitter, LinkedIn, blogs …
An English consultant with whom I worked for several years had a very sharp sense of politics in his most interesting meaning for us as project managers. He always asked the question (and often out at loud so that I could benefit from his experience): « What could Mr or Mrs X gain in helping us to make this project a success? ». This voluntarily positive attitude in the search of how to sell the project to such or such person was very useful in the numerous countries and organizations we worked with. The corollary « what could Mr or Mrs. X be afraid of or have to lose because of the project « is also interesting to work on your selling arguments. (Thank you for your numerous advices Ralph)

J’ai eu la chance, grâce à mes activités au sein de l’association PMI® pendant plus de 10 ans et à mes activités professionnelles depuis 25 ans, de rencontrer de nombreux chefs de projet en France comme à l’étranger.
On m’a si souvent demandé ce qui faisait que certain chefs de projet étaient considérés comme des gestionnaires de projet alors que d’autres avaient une véritable dimension de leader que je me suis penché sur la question. J’ai lu de nombreux articles, notamment de PMI®, discuté avec des chefs de projet et des managers expérimentés. J’ai donné des présentations et animé des sessions sur ce thème dans nos différents forums professionnels de rencontre de PMI France-Sud (Sophia Antipolis, Grenoble, Marseille). A chaque fois, au-delà de la présentation en elle-même, ce fut le débat avec les chefs de projets novices et expérimentés qui fut la partie la plus intéressante et qui me permit d’enrichir encore mes propos.
J’ai essayé de synthétiser les attitudes, qualités et caractéristiques que j’ai retrouvées chez les plus brillants des chefs de projets que j’ai côtoyés en 7 attributs principaux qui en font des leaders exceptionnels.
L’un de ces succès était un projet de déploiement de système intégré financier et logistique. La vision synthétique était que ce projet allait permettre à l’ensemble de la compagnie de partager une vérité unique sur ses comptes dans le monde entier, à tous les niveaux hiérarchiques, et pour chacune des divisions métier et lignes de produit. Les déclinaisons par type d’interlocuteur intégraient ce cœur de message et y ajoutait les messages spécifiques aux diverses populations d’interlocuteurs:
Le second exemple auquel je pense est en fait un contre-exemple. Notre objectif était de déployer un système d’allocation automatique des interventions sur équipements électroniques à des techniciens de maintenance. Le message était clair: la solution, en optimisant les temps de trajet des techniciens, accroîtrait la satisfaction des clients et notre productivité. Le message retenu par le terrain fut seulement la partie accroissement de productivité. Celle-ci fut rapidement traduite en accroissement de charge de travail, risques de pertes d’emploi, et moins d’autonomie par les principaux intéressés (les techniciens) dans le choix des incidents à traiter. Hors, ce sont précisément eux qui pouvaient faire du projet un succès ou un échec. Donc, une mauvaise communication de la vision vers les techniciens. De plus, les responsables de clientèle qui auraient facilement compris et su expliquer les bénéfices à leurs clients furent oubliés dans la communication. Après une période initiale très réussie de tests en situation réelle survinrent les inévitables premiers problèmes. Les responsables de clientèles supportèrent la fronde des techniciens. Ceci aboutit à l’abandon pur et simple du projet.
objectifs et motivation de l’équipe
Nous sommes souvent sur la corde raide entre la satisfaction des désirs de nos clients et notre compréhension (et celle de nos équipes) de ce qui est faisable ou pas. Les compromis sont nombreux au cours d’un grand projet pour réussir ce juste équilibre entre désir et réalité.
De même, il faudra prêter très grande attention aux détails tout en gardant un peu de distance pour conserver la vue d’ensemble du projet et de ses objectifs finaux. Pas toujours facile de lever les yeux sur l’horizon quand les taches quotidiennes nous accaparent.
pas assez de données
Plus concrètement, il n’est pas rare que nous n’ayons pas assez de données pour prendre une décision réellement informée et basée sur des certitudes. Dans d’autres cas, c’est le surplus d’informations qui tue l’information et nous sommes noyés sous la masse. Ou encore, les consultants ou experts qui ont étudié le sujet ne parviennent pas à dégager de meilleure option parmi celles qu’ils ont identifiées, ou n’arrivent pas à s’accorder sur une recommandation commune.
De surcroît, certaines décisions ne peuvent être reportées. Nous pouvons avoir à décider avant minuit si l’on fait machine arrière dans l’installation de la nouvelle version du logiciel (qui est en train de déborder er de prendre plus longtemps que prévu) ou bien si l’on continue quand même (au risque de plus avoir le temps de revenir à l’état antérieur). Nous pouvons avoir une fenêtre de tir limitée. Par exemple, devoir lancer le projet en mode opérationnel le 1er janvier ou le reporter de plusieurs mois voire même l’annuler si nous ne sommes pas prêts.
confiance en l’équipe
Le sujet suivant de ce même thème est la délégation. Celle-ci est d’autant plus difficile que le chef de projet est lui-même expert du domaine et capable d’exécuter parfaitement la tache qu’il délègue. Il arrive aussi qu’une tache nous paraisse si importante que l’on pense ne pouvoir la déléguer. Le leader commencera par s’entourer des bonnes compétences, meilleures que lui-même autant que possible. Il s’attachera à développer les ressources qui lui sont confiées en leur donnant des missions difficiles, critiques, complexes et en leur assurant le support nécessaire à leur réalisation. J’ai eu la chance de travailler avec quelques vrai leaders dans mon parcours et ce fut toujours un plaisir d’apprendre et de grandir à leur coté. Tous avaient des styles très différents mais en commun cette capacité à faire confiance. Une confiance que l’on ne veut décevoir.
Par exemple, lors de ma première visite professionnelle au Japon, j’ai très stupidement (mais je ne l’ai su que plus tard) essayé de faire avec mes collègues japonais la même session de brainstorming que celles réalisées avec beaucoup de succès en Europe et en Amérique du nord. Fiasco sur toute la ligne! Après un cours de rattrapage en rentrant sur la culture Japonaise, j’ai pu apprécier non seulement mon erreur mais aussi la situation très inconfortable dans laquelle j’avais mis involontairement mes collègues. J’avais allègrement demandés sur une séance commune et sans préparation à des personnes de niveaux hiérarchiques très différents d’échanger ouvertement leurs idées. J’allais à l’encontre même de leur mode de fonctionnement en équipe où l’on cherche à comprendre/tester à petites touches les positions de chacun avant d’avancer des idées. Rien n’est inné dans ce domaine du travail entre plusieurs cultures et rien n’est jamais acquis. Il faut sans cesse y penser.
savoir écouter
Pour recevoir des commentaires francs et sincères, il est nécessaire d’établir une relation de proximité (et de confiance voir point 4) avec ses équipes et ses clients, particulièrement dans le cas d’équipes géographiquement distribuées. L’attitude de la porte ouverte (de son bureau) et le management par la promenade dans les bureaux (« wandering around ») sont particulièrement efficaces. Les outils coopératifs peuvent reproduire à distance une certaine ouverture et même créer une proximité: messageries instantanées, « twitter », SMS, blogs…
on ne peut pas toujours faire plaisir à tout le monde
Un projet est rarement un long fleuve tranquille. Les remous seront nombreux et les passages difficiles aussi. Lorsque les choses vont bien, il est plus facile d’être positif et constructif. Hors c’est quand elles se durcissent et ne vont pas comme on le souhaiterait, qu’il est le plus important pour le leader de garder à l’esprit que son attitude est observée et qu’elle est primordiale pour les membres de l’équipe. Il ne peut baisser les bras, se laisser aller à des commentaires pessimistes… Il est la force constructive qui pas à pas, brique après brique, aide l’équipe projet à progresser vers des solutions satisfaisantes sinon idéales.
rester à l’écoute de l’environnement
Si vous faites l’objet d’une vérification sur votre inscription à l’examen PMP ?
• séparer la communication poussée/push de celle de traction/pull. Mettez les détails à disposition dans un endroit comme un portail de projet) où les gens qui ont besoin du détail peuvent facilement le récupérer (traction/pull). Tout ce que vous envoyez (la poussée/push) devrait se concentrer sur les points majeurs et les informations qui exigent une action.
séparer le passé de l’avenir. Le rapport sur ce qui est arrivé la semaine dernière n’a aucune valeur pour le projet à moins qu’il ne contienne les informations qui influenceront des décisions futures. Des données historiques sont nécessaires pour les comptables et les administrateurs financiers. Les leaders de projet et les membres de l’équipe ont besoin d’informations prévisionnelles, se concentrant sur ce qui pourrait arriver dans l’avenir et ce qu’il faudrait faire pour améliorer la situation.
se concentrer sur les besoins des récepteurs de la communication (destinataires). Assurez-vous que vous donnez à votre audience les informations qui vont les aider à réussir le projet. Les membres de l’équipe ont besoin de savoir quel travail faire cette semaine et la suivante. Les managers ont besoin de savoir ce sur quoi ils doivent prendre des décisions.
Et rappelez-vous la Loi de Cohn : plus vous passez de temps à faire un rapport sur ce que vous faites, moins de temps vous avez pour faire quoi que ce soit. Le point mort est atteint quand vous passez tout votre temps à rapporter sur l’inexistence de ce que vous faites.
Un bon article d’introduction et de démystification de cette technique d’estimation des points de fonction qui est très répandue pour l’évaluation des charges de développement logiciel (documentations et tests compris).
Un article qui porte sur un sujet sensible pour les chefs de projets qui, étant à l’écoute et souhaitant satisfaire leurs clients, leurs sponsors, leur management, leurs équipes, leurs fournisseurs… développent souvent une réelle incapacité à dire NON.

Need to make a call to someone far away? Need to arrange a video-conference, telephone- or net-based meeting with several people spread around the globe? This utility should help you find a convenient time, so that no one has to be up during the middle of the night.
http://www.iil.com/freeresources/templates.asp


